In the realm of soap manufacturing, the Total Fatty Matter (TFM) content holds a pivotal role in shaping the quality and the user experience associated with a particular soap. The TFM percentage, a crucial measure, signifies the presence of fatty matter, predominantly oils and fats, within the soap’s composition.
This TFM factor is closely associated with a standardized soap grading system, which categorizes soaps into three distinct classes, each with specific attributes:
- Grade 1: Distinguished by its superior quality, Grade 1 soaps boast a TFM content of 76% or more. These soaps are renowned for their exceptional cleansing properties and are primarily crafted for personal hygiene and general cleaning purposes.
- Grade 2: Positioned as everyday soaps, Grade 2 soaps typically possess a TFM content ranging from 60% to 75%. While they are suitable for personal hygiene and general cleaning, these soaps may not contain as high a TFM as Grade 1 soaps, yet they are unequivocally suitable for human use.
- Grade 3: Soaps categorized under Grade 3 contain a TFM content that falls below the 60% threshold. They are commonly referred to as laundry soaps, designed not for personal hygiene but for tasks such as laundering clothes, washing dishes, and general household cleaning.
A Consumer Voice Report, 2014 by Consumer Affairs (Govt of India) delves into the world of toilet soaps, shedding light on their significance in maintaining personal hygiene and more. Toilet soaps are a quintessential toiletry, essential for ensuring healthy hygiene. Not only do they rid the body of dirt and claim to ward off bacteria, but their fragrant properties also leave users feeling fresher and cleaner. As The Chenab Times has learnt, these versatile soaps have additional household uses, such as fixing loose zippers, tightening screws, and dealing with pests.
The historical backdrop of soap dates back to ancient Babylon around 2800 BC, with commercial production beginning in England during the late 12th century. However, the heavy taxation on soap made it a luxury item until 1853 when the tax was repealed. In the 19th century, soap gained popularity throughout Europe and British-occupied regions.
In contemporary India, more than 700 registered companies manufacture various types of bar and liquid soaps, with a combined annual revenue exceeding Rs 1,700 crore. Research indicates that the Indian soap market witnessed a compound annual growth rate of 9% to 12% between 2004 and 2009. In 2009, the bar soap segment dominated the market, claiming nearly 99% of the market share.
Given this backdrop, The Chenab Times has learnt about an extensive research initiative that explored the quality and compliance of popular brands of ‘toilet soap’ with established standards. Notably, ‘toilet soap’ differs from ‘bathing bar,’ primarily based on the Total Fatty Matter (TFM) content. Toilet soaps contain a higher quantity of fatty material, varying from 60% to 80%, depending on the grade (with Grade 1 having the highest TFM). In contrast, bathing bars typically contain around 40% fatty substance and are categorized by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) as suitable for bathing purposes.
The research team procured 12 bar soaps of different grades and conducted tests at an NABL-accredited laboratory, adhering to national standards. Sensory tests were also performed at a respected clinical research organization, as these parameters play a significant role in purchase decisions.
A noteworthy aspect of soap usage is the presence of white or chalky streaks on the skin after bathing, often linked to the TFM content and other constituents in the soap. As The Chenab Times has learnt, understanding these factors empowers consumers to make informed decisions when selecting personal hygiene products, ensuring a more comfortable and satisfying bathing experience. Additionally, for those facing issues with white residue, the article recommends practical solutions, including selecting soaps with higher TFM content, opting for sensitive skin formulations, and considering the use of water softeners to mitigate hard water-related concerns. Conscientious rinsing post-bath is also advised to minimize the presence of white streaks on the skin.
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Anzer Ayoob is the Founder and Chief Editor to The Chenab Times
